Ratchet-drill.



Paiemed oct. 3|, |899.

A. KLAY. A RATCHET DRILL.

(Application led June 26, 1899.;

(No Model.)

NQ NW NN ehm N r l um f MJ PAT-snr smc.,

ANDREW KLAY, OF BLUFFTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CHRIS- l TIANWEISS, OF JENERA, OHIO.

RATCHET-DRILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part 'of Letters Patent No. 636,208, dated October31, 1899. Application. flied June `26, 1899. Serial N0. 7211890 (Nomodel-l To @ZZ whom it may concern: t

Be it known that I, ANDREW KLAY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Bluffton, in the county of Allen and State of Ohio, haveinvented a new and useful Ratchet-Drill, of

which the following is a specication.

My invention relates to improvements in ratchet-drills especiallyadapted for use in connection with metal-working bits or tools;

1o and one object is to provide a simple and durable construction ofratchet-working mechanism capable of reversal to be operated in`especially serviceable on work having its sur-l faces remotely situated,such as for service on the interior of steam-boilers. This feature of myinvention provides for variation in the length of the center post to beadapted to 3o structures of different localities and conditions of use,and with the post is associated mea-ns for feeding or keeping thedrill-bit in active relation to the work, such feed mechanism beingreadily operable without rotation of the post.

With these ends in View the invention consists in the novel combinationof elements and in the construction and arrangement of parts,which willbe hereinafter fully described 4o and claimed.

To enable others to understand the invention, I have illustrated dierentembodiments thereof in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of thisspecification, and in which- Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of aratchetdrill mechanism used in connection with an elongated sectionalcentral post embodying some of the features of my present invention.Fig. 2V is a vertical sectional elevation of another embodiment of theinvention which employs a feed-screw equipped With a cent-er Aline 373of Fig.

pivot and improved means for conveniently turning the feed-screw. Fig. 3is a sectional plan view on the plane indicated by the dotted Fig. i isa fragmentary 55 sectional elevation illustrating the means for looselysleeving the operating-lever on the notched tubular body of theratchet-drill. Fig. 5 is a similar fragmentary detail sectionalelevation of the means for loosely sleeving the 6o feed-screw-rotatingdevices.

The same numerals of reference are used to indicate like 'andcorresponding parts in each of the several figures of the drawings.

The tubular body 10 of the drill is provided 65 'at one end with asquare or polygonal socket 11, adapted to receive the shank of the bitor any other suitable boring-tool, said `body lneing also formed with afemale threaded socket 12, adapted for the reception of a feed-screw, 7oas will hereinafter appear. Near the endin which the polyonal bit-socketis formed the tubular body is provided with an external annularcollar-13, in which collar is produced a series of angular notches 14,which forms 7 5l the ratchet on the external face of the tubular body.In connection with this tubular body I employ a sectional two-partlever, which carries a feed-pawl adapted for engagementwith theratchet-collar and also car- 8o ries an adjusting-spindle bywhich thefeedpa wl may be retracted from engagement with the ratchetcollar andreversed relatively thereto for the purpose of making the pawl cooperatewith the ratchet on the operation of the lever in one direction or theother. Said lever consists ofthe members 15 1(3,which are joined firmlytogether by the thread-joint 17, consisting, preferably, of aV femalethread on the member 15 and a male thread on the 9o member 1G, wherebythe two parts of the handle may be readily separated or assembled. Theinner member 15 of the lever is enlarged and fitted loosely on thetubular body, so as member 15 is retained in place on the tubular Ioobody by means of a retaining-disk 19, which is screwed into an open sideof the lever member 15 opposite to the fiange 18. Said retaining-disk isthus made fast at one side of the lever member 15 to impinge against theother face of the ratchet-collar 13 on the tubular body, and to preventthe disk from being disconnected accidentallyon thelever member15 Iprovide a locking device that holds the disk firmly connected to thelever member 15. This disk is provided with one or more notches 2O inone edge thereof, and in this notch is seated a key-pin 21, said pinhaving a longitudinal notch 22 in one edge thereof. The pin 21 is seatedagainst the retracting-spring 23, contained in the socket 23 of thelever member 15. (See Fig. 4.) The stop-screw 24 fits a suitable bearingin a part of the lever member 15 to enter the notch 22 of the key-pin21, so that the pin is held against disengagement from the lever member15, while the pin in turn holds the disk 19 against rotation andaccidental disconnection from the lever member l5. It will thus be seenthat the sleeve-formed end of the lever member 15 is fitted loosely onthe tubular body toturn freely around the ratchet-collar thereon, andthe flange 18 and the disk 19 cooperate with the ratchet-collar 13 toretain the lever member against movement lengthwise of the tubular body.The lever members 15 16 are hollow for the reception of anadjusting-spindle 25, adapted to carry the feed-pawl. Said spindleextends loosely through the hollow lever member 16, so as to projectinto the similar lever member 15, the outer end of the spindle beingformed with a transverse locking head 26. This head is adapted to bedrawn by the tension of the pressure-spring, so as to fit within notches27, produced in the end of the lever member 16, and the milled edges ofthis locking-head 26 on the adjusting-spindle normally lie Hush with thecylindrical face of the lever member 16, whereby the lever may bemanipulated in the hands of the operator without disturbing the positionof the spindle or the action of the feed-pawl on the ratchet-collar ofthe tubular body. The engagement of the trans- `verse head with thelever member 16 locks or confines the spindle against rotation andendwise movement within the hollow lever. At a point intermediate itslength this adjusting-spindle is provided with a collar 2S, the latterbeing formed on that part of the spindle which occupies the enlargedspace within the lever member 15. This collar'serves as a seat for oneend of acoiled pressure-spring 29, fitted loosely on theadjusting-spindle 25 and adapted to be seated against the inner end ofthe lever member 16, whereby the spring 29 acts against the collar 2S tonormally draw the spindle lengthwise of the lever and make thelocking-head 26 fit in the notches 27 of the lever member 16, therebymaintaining the locking-spindle in practically a fixed position. withinthe hollow lever. The feedpawl 30 is connected operatively with theadjusting-spindle to be retracted on endwise movement of said spindle toa position where its nose will lie out of the path of the notches 14 ofthe ratchet-collar; but this feed-pawl is capable of free play ormovement on the adjusting-spindle, so as to be operable with relation tothe ratchet-collar independently of any adjustment of the spindle. Theactive end of the feed-pawl is formed with a beveled nose 31, adapted tot into the notches of the ratchet-collar on the tubular body, and thispawl is furthermore provided with a longitudinal socket 32, adapted toloosely receive the inner end of the adjusting-spindle 25. The pawlcarries a transverse pin 33, which passes through a short slot 3,4,which is produced longitudinally in the spindle 25, near Ithe inner endthereof, and against the heel of this slidable pawl is seated the pawlpressurespring 35, the latter being of the coiled variety to fit looselyon the spindle 25 and to act against the collar 28 thereon. Thepressurespring 29 normally holds the spindle 25 in a position to presentthe spring-actuated pawl 30 in a position for its nose 3l to engage withthe ratchet-collar, and this pawl is pressed by its spring 35 into oneor the other of the notches in said ratchet collar. The pawl, however,is capable of a yielding movement or play on the spindle andindependently of any adj ustment thereof within the lever-handle. Itwill therefore be understood that with the parts in the position shownby Fig. 3 the lever can be moved in the direction indicated by thearrow, and the abrupt side or face of the pawl will engage with acorl'espending face of one notch 14 in the ratchet, whereby the movementof the lever will be communicated by the pawl to theratchet-collar andthe tubular body will turn with the lever. A reverse movement of thelever, however, will canse the beveled nose of the pawl to ride againstthe ratchet-collar and to slip idly thereover, thus permitting the leverto be returned to an operative position without rotating the tubularbody or the drill-bit. At the same time the spindle 25 may be reversedto change the position of the pawl with relation to the ratchet, so thatthe lever may be operated in an opposite direction, and this end may beeasily accomplished by the operator grasping with his fingers the head26 and pulling outward on the spindle, thereby compressing thepressure-spring 29 and making the pin 33 pull outward on the pawl 30until the head 26 frees the notches 27 in the outer end of the lever,after which the spindle 25 may be given a half-turn until the head 26again assumes a position in alinement with the notches 27 at each timethe spring 29 recoils to force the spindle 25 endwise for the head 26 toenter thenotches 27, and thus present the pawl 30 in a reversed positionto the ratchet-collar 13 on the tubular body.

In connection with the tubular body I may employ either of the types offeed devices which are illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, and 3; but I willfirst proceed to describe the compact simple form of feed device shownby the last- ICO named views, Figs. 2 and 3. The short feedscrew 36 hasthreaded engagement with the socket 12 in the tubular body 10,'and theeX- posed protruding end of this feed-screw is formed with a centralpivot 37, said pivot 37 being an integral part of the short feed-screw.Said feed-screwis furthermore provided with an annular collar 38 betweenits threaded shank and the center pivot, and in this collar is formed aseries of radial pockets 39,adapted to receive afeed-pin 48,which may bethrust successively into said pockets for rotating the screw. Thisfeed-screw is supported idly by a feed-sleeve 40, which loosely embracesa smooth part of the screw and a collar 38 thereon, said feed-sleevebeing formed or provided with a tubular extension 4l. A retaining-disk42 is screwed into a threaded opening in the feed-sleeve 40, and thisretaining-disk 42 coperates with a rib 40a on the feed-sleeve inholdin'g the latter against endwise displacement relatively to thecollar 38 on the feed-screw, whereby the sleeve 40 is normally confinedin a loose condition and in operative relation to the collar 38 on thescrew 36. The retainingscrew 42 is held in place by means of the lockingcontrivance shown by Fig. 5, said disk having a notch 43 to receive akey-pin 44, which is formed with a notch 45. A stopscrew 46 is fitted inthe slee-ve 40 to engage with a notch 44 of the key-pin, and againstthis pin operates a spring 47, which is seated in a socket formed withinthe sleeve 40, all as clearly shown by Fig. 5.

The operating-pin 48 for rotating the feedscrew is fitted loosely in thetubular extension 41 of the sleeve 40, and the pointed inner end 49 ofthis pin is adapted to fitin either of the apertures 39 of the collar onthe feedscrew, thus temporarily making the operating-pin fast with thefeed-screw, so as to rotate the latter in the socket l2 of the tubularbody, and thereby advance the drill-bit into the work. Thescrew-operating pin is con- Iined against displacement in the tubulareX- tension 4l by means of a stop-screw 5l, which is attached to theextension 41 and plays in a groove 50, which is cut in one face of theoperating-pin 49, said slotbeing long enough to allow the pin to bewithdrawn from one aperture before its endwise movement is arrested bythe stop-screw 3l.

The tubular body, thelever, and the ratchetbit mechanism of my inventionmay be used in connection with the elongated sectional post and anextended feed-screw of the character represented by Fig. l of thedrawings, and in this adaptation of my invention the .sleeve 40, theoperating-pin 49, and the feedscrew 36 are omitted. The device shown byFigs. 2 and 3 is especially intended for use on work having partsthereof arranged at such a distance apart as to accommodate thefeedscrew and other parts of the implement; but in some classes of workthe. surfaces are disposed quite remote. Hence it has heretofore beennecessary to employ blocks and other contrivances to furnish a bearingfor the pivot-screw. I overcome this objection by the provision of acenter post of elongated sectional construction and by the employment ofa long feed-screw which has loose engagement with the center post and isequipped with a feed-nut that nds a bearingv against a part of thecenter post.

The center post 52 relating to this part of my invention is of sectionalseparable construction, as shown by Fig. l, and it consists,essentially, of a tubular member 53, one or more solid members 54, and acoupling 55. In the drawings l have shown the post as having a singlesolid member 54; but it is evident that the number of these parts may beduplicated, according to the desired length of the post and the natureof the`work. The contiguous ends of the members 53 54 are provided withmale screw-'threads adapted to engage with female threads on thecoupling 55, which serves to separably unite the members and to disposethem in alinement one with the other. The outer end of the sectionalpost is equipped with a central pivot 56, having a threaded end which isscrewed into a coupling 57, that is united to the outer extremity of onemember 54 of the post; but

it is evident that the member 54 and coup-- ling-57 maybe omitted, sothat the pivotscrew 56 may be screwed into the coupling 55, thusshortening the post.

The feed-screw 5S is provided at a point between the ordinary runningthread 6l and the machine-thread 62 with a smooth annular collar 59,said collar having a plurality of radial holes 60, adapted to receive apin by which the screw may be rotated, if desired; but ordinarily I donot find it desirable to resort to this expedient of a pin for rotatingthe screw, because a feed-nut 63 is provided for engagement with themachine-thread 62.

That part of the feed-screw having a running thread 6l is screwed intothe threaded socket l2 of the tubular body, while the remaining lengthof the feed-screw, having the machinethread 62, is fitted loosely in thetubular member 53 of the sectional center post. The feednut 63 isscrewed on the threaded part 62 of the feed-screw to have bearingagainst the end of the tubular member 53 on the post, said post having abearing against a part of the Work by means of the center pivot 56. Byrotating the feed-nutI 63 the screw 58 may be advanced in order to movethe tubular body and the drill toward the bottom of the cut in the work,and thus the bit may be kept in active relation to the work by propermanipulation of the feed-nut, which controls IIO thefeed-screw,witl1out, however, rotating the Fig. l) may be used in anydesired position, either horizontally, vertically, or inclined, on manydifferent kinds of work; but a special merit of this part of theinvention resides in the adaptability of the post and screw to interiorwork on steam-boilers, in which it is diihcult to use ordinary drillingappliances because of the narrow space therein.

Changes may be made in the form and proportion of some of the part-swhiletheir essential features are retained and the spirit of theinvention embodied. Hence I do not desire to be limited to the preciseform of all the parts as shown, reserving the right to vary therefrom.

Having thus described the invention, what I cla-im is 1. In aratchet-drill of the class described, the combination with a socketedbody having a ratchet, of a lever, a spindle carried by said lever, anda'pawl connected loosely with said spindle to operate independentlyofanymovement thereof and lcapable of reversal with said spindle,substantially as described.

2. In a ratchet-drill of the class described, the combination with asocketed body having a ratchet, of a lever having a sleeved connectionwith said body, a spring-actuated spindle within said lever, and aspring-actuated pawl connected loosely with the spindle to operateindependently thereof and capable of reversal therewith within saidlever, substantially as described.

3. In a ratchet-drill of theclass described, the combination with aratchet-formed body, of a hollow lever connected loosely with said body,a spring-actuated and slotted spindle having interlocking connectionwith the body and reversible therein, a pawl mounted loosely on saidspindle and carrying a pin adapted to play in the slot of the lever, anda spring seated against the pawl and the spindle, whereby the pawl mayoperate ind ependently of any play o1" the spindle and is connectedthereto for reversal therewith within the lever, substantially asdescribed.

4. In a ratchet-drill of the class described, the combination with aratchet-formed body, of a hollow lever having a sleeve connectiontherewith, a disk united to said lever by a threaded joint, aspring-seated key-pin connected to the lever and engaging a notch in thedisk, a stop-screw engaging the pin, a spindle loosely mounted in thelever, and a pawl mounted loosely upon the spindle and movableindependently thereof into and out of engagement with the ratchet-formedbody, substantially as described.

5. In a ratchet-drill of the class described, the combination with aratchet-formed body, of a lever loosely mounted thereon, a spindlecarriedby the lever and reversible therein, a feed-pawl connectedslidably to the lever to play or move thereon independently of anyadjustment of the spindle, a pressurespring acting against said spindleto hold the same in interlocking engagement with the lever, anotherspring acting on the pawl to hold the latter normally in engagement withthe ratchet on the body, a feed-screw connected operatively to saidbody, and means for rotating said screw, substantially as described.

6. In a ratchet-drill of the class described, the combination of. abody, a lever and ratchet devices for rotating the body by movement ofthe lever, of a sectional post having a removable center pivot adaptedfor interchangeable connection with the several sections of the post,and a feed-screw between said post and the body, substantially asdescribed.

7. In a ratchet-drill ot' the class described, the combination with abody, a lever and ratchet devices, ofa sectional postincludinga hollowmember, a feed-screw havingthreaded engagement with the body and fittedloosely to the hollow member of said post, a feed-nut seated against thepost and having threaded engagement with the feed-screw, and a removablecenteradapted for interchangeable connection with the sections of thepost, substantially as described.

8. In a ratchet-drill of the class described, a sectional center postcoinprisinga plurality of members, a removable center pi vot adapted forinterchangeable connection with the several sections of the post, andcouplings which unite the members separably together and connect thecenter' pivot to one member, in combination with a socketed body, meansfor rotating said body, and a feed-screw connected operatively with thebody and said post, substantially as described.

9. In a ratchet-drill of the class described, a sectional postcomprising a tubular member, a solid member, a removable center pivotadapted for interchangeable connection with the several sections ot' thepost and threaded couplings between said parts, combined with a socketedbody, means for rotating said body, a feed-screw having threadedengagement with the body and a loose engagement with the hollow memberof the post, and a feed-nut threaded on the screw and seated against thehollow post member, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto alixedmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

ANDREIV KLAY.

IVitnesses:

R. B. DAY, HENRY L. ROMEY.

IIO

